Friday, August 20, 2010

The Princeton Review Green Colleges Honor Role


The Princeton Review researches issues of sustainability as they pertain to college and every year they publish their green ratings. In April, 2010, they partnered with the U.S. Green Building Council to produce The Princeton Review's Guide to 286 Green Colleges.

The Princeton Review’s second annual Green Rating evaluates colleges and universities on their environmentally-related policies, practices and academic offerings. Each of this year's 697 colleges were assessed and assigned a Green Rating.

Here is an alphabetical list of the top 18 schools leading the way with their commitment to sustainability. All of these schools received the highest green rating possible and earned a place on what is known as The Princeton Review’s Green Honor Roll.

Arizona State University at the Tempe Campus

Curriculum: Established in 2007, ASU’s School of Sustainability, the first of its kind in the US. Sustainability is a fundamental precept underlying its teaching and learning, research and business missions. The school offers transdisciplinary degree programs that advance practical solutions to environmental, economic and social challenges. The school has over 60 faculty representing over 40 disciplines and offers undergraduate and graduate degree programs along with professional certificates.

Campus: The Tempe campus has the largest collection of energy-providing solar panels on a single US university campus. ASU subsidizes bus and light rail passes for all students and employees and offers car-sharing and a carpool program with special parking privileges. A student-run bicycle co-op offers low- or no-cost bike repairs and free bike rentals.

College of the Atlantic (Bar Harbor, ME)

Curriculum: This college has one major, Human Ecology. How humans relate to our environment is the core of the curriculum. COA has a new Trans-Atlantic Food Systems program and a growing undergraduate green and socially responsible business program.

Campus: COA has been carbon neutral since 2007. All electricity comes from renewable hydropower; new buildings and some old are cleanly heated via renewable wood pellets. An organic Beech Hill Farm (partially powered by a wind turbine) offers organic produce to campus, local schools and food banks. Recycling bins are in every office, composting bins in every kitchen and composting toilets in all new buildings.

The Evergreen State College (Olympia, WA)

Curriculum: The Washington Center for Improving the Quality of Undergraduate Education at Evergreen has launched the Curriculum for the Bioregion, an effort that focuses on incorporating environmental and sustainability issues into general education college courses throughout the Pacific Northwest. Students recently launched the Center for Sustainable Entrepreneurship, an effort to put their business skills to use in socially responsible ventures. Their on-campus farm is used to teach a broad range of courses such as small-scale organic agriculture, ethnobotany, visual arts, beekeeping, forest ecology, and ecological agriculture.

Campus: Spread over one thousand-acres, this campus features miles of trails, a half mile of beach on Puget Sound, wetlands, forests and an organic farm. Evergreen has purchased a fleet of electric cars to replace many of its gasoline and diesel vehicles. Evergreen students pay a self-imposed clean energy fee to ensure that 100 percent of the college’s electricity comes from renewable sources. The school has also reduced its landfill waste by more than 97,000 pounds since 2008.

Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA)

Curriculum: With 21 endowed chairs, 23 research chairs and more than 100 sustainable classes Georgia Tech offers a comprehensive green curriculum.

Campus: Sustainability is a key component of Georgia Tech’s Campus Master Plan and Landscape Master Plan. Besides using environmentally friendly hand soap, paper products, cleaning equipment and other supplies, Georgia Tech requires that all vendors provide green products. The Institute’s cleaning equipment uses 70 percent less water and 90 percent less chemicals than traditional equipment. To further conserve water resources, Georgia Tech’s dining halls initiated a trayless system. The Institute’s inaugural football game day recycling program collected nearly 12 tons of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles from home game attendees. In 2008, Georgia Tech's urban campus was recognized as a Tree Campus USA by the Arbor Day Foundation.

Harvard College (Cambridge, MA)

Curriculum: This school offers students opportunities to study sustainability and conduct academic research on the environment. Harvard is dedicated to confronting the challenges of climate change and global sustainability through academic research

Campus: Harvard translates their research into action on campus. The school’s goal is to reduce emissions 30% below a 2006 baseline by 2016. These commitments are administered through the Harvard Office for Sustainability. Harvard now has 62 building projects in process toward achieving LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification, a 55% recycling rate, renewable energy projects on campus, composting in residential and commercial dining halls, organic landscaping in Harvard Yard, and a drive-alone rate of only 16.5%, to name just a few examples.

Northeastern University (Boston, MA)

Curriculum: Northeastern offers degree programs in Environmental Studies as well as green MBA's. They also focus on sustainable technology and green health care. The college's intent is to offer a rich variety of sustainability programming to meet the interests of their students. Sustainability programming is already in place in many units and they anticipate that it will increase as they hire additional faculty with sustainability-based research interests.

Campus: This school has integrated energy conservation into its facilities management plans since the 1980s. Most recently, the school replaced 70,000 traditional lamps with fluorescent lamps that will reduce carbon emissions by 686 tons annually. International Village, Northeastern’s new mixed-use dorm/office building, will be submitted for LEED Gold certification. Once certified, International Village will be the largest residence hall in the United States to meet this standard of sustainability. Additionally, International Village is working with a national non-profit to improve the environmental impact of its dining hall. As a result of “Project Clean Plate”, an aggressive food composting initiative, approximately 594 tons of dining hall service and catering food waste was composted in 2008. This numbers is expected to increase dramatically in 2009. Northeastern's recycling program started over 20 years ago and has expanded to include thirteen different categories of collected items, including asphalt and construction materials.

Northland College (Ashland, WI)

Curriculum: Northland built a commitment to green into the curriculum almost 40 years ago. They offer everything from Sustainable Business to Sustainable Agriculture.

Campus: This school’s environmentally-conscious residence hall, the McLean Environmental Living and Learning Center, was a model of excellence for green building before LEED existed. The college has committed to obtaining LEED Silver certification on all new buildings on campus. Northland has two wind towers, numerous solar panels, geothermal heat in the campus center and library, and furniture made from recycled materials. Students have even built a campus building that is entirely off the grid, using locally-produced materials. Northland’s dining services is a model of green eating. It offers sustainably-harvested seafood, organic and fair trade options, free-range meat, and plenty of non-meat options. Dining services provides each student with a free mug, and offers drink discounts when they reuse it.

State University of New York at Binghamton

Curriculum: This University has established innovative and creative opportunities both inside and outside the classroom to engage and educate students in ‘going green.’

Campus: The Binghamton campus encompasses almost 900 acres of land, of which a large proportion is undeveloped and in its natural state. The core of this undeveloped land is officially designated the Nature Preserve, and includes hiking trails and a 20 acre wetland. Each year approximately 2,500 pounds of compostable waste is collected around campus. Binghamton either recycles or composts more than 90 percent of its current service ware. An energy conservation contest pits residential communities against one another to see who can reduce energy consumption the most over a nine-week period. The 2009 contest resulted in a 7.5 percent overall reduction in electricity consumption.

Unity College (Unity, ME)

Curriculum: Also known as America’s Environmental College, Unity offers unique green majors like Sustainability Design and Technology, and Adventure Education Leadership, as well as more traditional offerings like Ecology and Marine Biology.

Campus: Unity derives 100 percent of its energy from renewable energy sources, all of its grounds are maintained organically, and it uses only Green Seal-certified cleaning products. The university’s location on 225 wooded acres of farmland with plenty of diverse ecosystems, including a peat bog and a pond, provides students with experiential learning opportunities. Unity’s Center for Environmental Education teaches students how to become effective environmental educators, and the career services office offers over 80 environmental internships each year. University administrators serve as role models for the eco-conscious student body. The president and his wife live on campus in the Unity House, which is built from local wood and recycled building materials. The house uses solar energy for electricity and hot water, and has zero net-energy consumption and carbon emissions.

University of California–Berkeley

Curriculum: Berkeley has more than 80 academic degrees, 90 research centers, and 25 student-run organizations with an environmental focus.

Campus: Student projects have reduced energy consumption by over 8.5 million kWh and water usage by 3 million gallons at UC Berkeley. The school publicly reports its sustainability metrics each year and has pledged to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2014 (six year sooner than the rest of California). To meet this target the campus will complete over 200 energy efficiency projects. The university’s primary food service operator was the first in the country to receive organic certification, and organic salad bars are now a staple at campus dining facilities.

University of California–Santa Barbara

Curriculum: At UCSB, students have many opportunities to study sustainability through the Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, and the Academic Senate is currently working on a sustainability general education requirement for all undergraduates.

Campus: UCSB's sustainability goals are ambitious: to reduce emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and to be carbon neutral by 2050. Home to the most LEED-certified buildings in the UC system (six), all new construction at UCSB must meet LEED Silver standards. Through HVAC and lighting retrofits, delamping, and campaigns like “Flex Your Power,” the campus has decreased its electrical consumption by 31 percent and its natural gas consumption by 23 percent since 1998. UCSB’s Custodial Services department uses only Green Seal-certified products, and its Housing and Residential Services department heads an extensive waste reduction program that includes recycling used cooking oil for biofuel, composting food waste, and purchasing local and/or organic foods.

University of California–Santa Cruz

Curriculum: UCSC strives to integrate sustainability into every aspect of research and teaching. They offer degrees in Environmental Studies and they have a Center for Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems. A new, year-long sustainability internship program offers hands-on approach to sustainability.

Campus: The EPA ranks the UCSC campus among the top ten green power purchasing colleges, and faculty and students have won a number of awards for specific sustainability-focused projects and research. The campus boasts a 70 percent waste diversion rate and gets 20 percent of its energy from renewable sources. UCSC’s Sustainability Office is building a database of project ideas submitted by students, faculty, and staff to improve sustainable practices on campus.

University of Georgia (Athens, GA)

Curriculum: More than 100 members of the UGA faculty have joined together to create the Academy of the Environment, “a venue for cross-disciplinary collaboration in research, graduate and undergraduate training, and public education and outreach.” UGA is home to the Eugene Odum School of Ecology, and students and faculty from a variety of academic departments conduct research related to environmental issues—engineering students conduct energy audits on campus buildings, students in the College of Journalism and Mass Communication look for ways to promote energy conservation and recycling, and students in the River Basin Science and Policy Center research water quality in area streams.

Campus: The school has taken aggressive steps to conserve water on campus, such as installing rain gardens, planting native species, installing low-flow toilets and showerheads, recycling water in research labs, and even limiting flushes in stadium bathrooms during football games. The result of this “Every Drop Counts” campaign is that water use on campus is down 30 percent.

University of Maine (Orono, ME)

Curriculum: UM’s new student orientation includes sustainability programming, they offer degrees like a BS in Agriculture Food and Sustainability and have a Center for Rural Sustainable Development.

Campus: UM's campus provides free bicycles to be used by faculty, staff, students, and even visitors not affiliated with the school. Old bikes are donated by members of the community, refurbished by student groups, and placed around campus. A free shuttle also takes students from campus to downtown Orono. UM has a full-time Sustainability Coordinator as well as a Sustainability Council made up of students, faculty and staff. Under their guidance, the university has made a commitment to avoid sprawl, restore local habitats, and achieve carbon neutrality by 2040. Eco Reps in residence halls coordinate recycling programs and lead other environmental initiatives. UM recycles over 500 tons of paper products per year, and every office and classroom has at least one paper-recycling bin. All new buildings on campus must meet LEED Silver standards, and existing buildings are going green—two are already outfitted with residential-scale solar thermal systems.

University of Maryland, College Park

Curriculum: The University of Maryland offers environmentally oriented majors and minors, living & learning programs and research. Graduate level sustainability studies at this school include, Environmental Science and Technology, Sustainable Development and Conservation Biology (CONS), Theatre (THET), Toxicology (TOXI).

Campus: The University of Maryland's recycling rate increased from 17 percent in 2003 to an impressive 50 percent in 2008. The Career Center hosts an annual Green Jobs Fair to help students incorporate sustainability into their career plans. In October 2009, the university was named “America’s Greenest Campus” by Climate Culture for having the largest number of campus community members register to calculate their carbon footprint. A new University Sustainability Council is spearheading new green efforts on campus, including a commitment to LEED Silver standards for new buildings, energy-conserving renovations, a green roof, low-flow faucets, toilets, and showerheads in dorms, water- and energy-efficient dishwashers used by dining services, a composting program, discontinued use of styrofoam containers in favor of biodegradable ones, and use of water-conserving grass on the university’s golf course.

Warren Wilson College (Asheville, NC)

Curriculum: The college has six different concentrations and a new cross-disciplinary sustainability curriculum.

Campus: Warren Wilson College was one of the first in the country to institute on-campus recycling in the 1980s. Much of the food served by the school’s dining halls comes from an on-campus farm and garden. An Environmental Leadership Center provides sustainability-focused events and opportunities for both students and the local community, including a regular radio program broadcast on Asheville’s WPVM. Among the residence halls on campus is the LEED Platinum EcoDorm built by student teams with wood that was repurposed or sustainably harvested on campus. The dorm also features solar panel window awnings, compost toilets, a rainwater catchment system that helps irrigate the adjacent garden, and many other waste-minimizing features.

West Virginia University (Morgantown, WV)

Curriculum: This university is a national leader in energy research. Over the past four years, 100 faculty members have completed $98 million worth of energy-related research in everything from enhanced fuel cell production to textile recycling. WVU’s Center for Alternative Fuels, Engines and Emissions (CAFEE) is working on new technology to reduce exhaust emissions and dependence on imported oil.

Campus: WVU’s trayless dining initiative has reduced waste in dining halls by 42 percent. Excess food is donated to charities, and used cooking oil is sent to a biodiesel processor. WVU promotes student involvement in campus sustainability through events like Ecolympics, a competition between residence halls to conserve the most energy and recycle the most waste. Last year, the two winning buildings reduced energy consumption by 20 percent and recycled more than 2500 pounds of waste.

Yale University (New Haven, CT)

Curriculum: Yale is conducting leading research on climate change and other environmental issues, and educating the environmental leaders of tomorrow in its college, graduate and professional schools. The Yale Sustainable Food Project directs a sustainable dining program, manages an organic farm and runs diverse educational programs. Several undergraduate organizations also seek to educate students in environmentally responsible practices.

Campus: Yale has a comprehensive campus sustainability plan in place, highlighted by a commitment to reduce its greenhouse gas. Yale has implemented solar and wind projects to provide renewable energy. It also has its own co-generation power plant and is building another. Kroon Hall, the new home of its school of Forestry & Environmental Studies is a model of energy-saving design and is expected to earn a LEED Platinum certification.
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Thursday, August 19, 2010

Green Schools are Bridging the Knowledge Gap

Although ignorance seems to be prevailing at UN climate talks and in the US Senate, thousands of green oriented educational programs offer hope for a more sustainable future.

As Kevin Drum wrote in a Mother Jones article on August 18, 2010, even the environmentally friendly have much to learn about sustainable living.

A 2009 study revealed that while most are interested in sustainability, many do not know how to go about creating a greener world. The 2009 questionnaire titled, Implications for a Green Curriculum Application toward Sustainable Development, explored university students' understanding of sustainable development, as well as their attitudes, environmental values, and life style behavior.

The results indicated that the majority of the participants declared themselves familiar with the term of sustainable development, but they did not understand the term as a holistic concept. It also found that university students had favorable attitudes toward sustainable development and intrinsic values toward the environment. However, these participants did not readily take action to create a more sustainable future.

The study indicates that university students are aligned with the environment but they do not know how to bring their actions into line with their values. Sustainable curriculums are key to instilling the knowledge required to drive the green economy. Thankfully a wide range of educational programs are rising to meet the challenge.

Green schools and sustainable curriculums are growing exponentially in the US, at the primary and secondary level, school boards are coordinating their efforts to provide both green schools and greener curriculums. According to Lisa Bennett of the Center for Ecoliteracy, in Berkeley, California, green schools are sprouting up in all shapes and sizes across the United States.

The Michigan Green Schools program continues to grow and in 2010 they added another six counties. One example of a sustainable primary/secondary school is Head-Royce School in Oakland, California. The school hopes to become one of the first carbon-neutral schools in the nation. The Center for Ecoliteracy has worked with Head-Royce and other schools to integrate environmental action into lesson plans. The principle of Head-Royce believes it's important for schools to teach sustainability, "many of the problems that we now face are because we didn't learn about sustainable living so why not start teaching young kids about it," he said.

Georgia, Illinois, New Jersey, Ohio, and Oregon have committed to developing green educational programs. A collaborative effort between state and federal authorities will create secondary and post-secondary programs that will lead to certificates and associate and bachelor degrees.

As part of the program, Georgia will focus its efforts on construction, energy, and transportation; Illinois will focus on energy, utilities, and waste management; Ohio will tackle agriculture, biotechnology, and energy; and Oregon will focus on construction and solar and wind energy.

To be sustainable we will need to relearn parts of almost everything we do. To help meet this need in the construction industry, new green construction training curricula have been developed in cooperation with industry and green product manufacturers.

According to US Secretary of Education Arne Duncan, "Green means healthier learning environments for students and adults, plus lower energy costs and a stronger economy. Green programs of study support the administration's goal of expanding a green workforce by preparing students for high-skill, high-wage jobs in a clean energy economy."

There are thousands of examples of green educational programs that meet the sustainability demands of the modern era. From a green school in Bali that offers sustainable education starting at preschool, to rapidly proliferating university level curriculums in America, green academics are on the rise around the world.

Sustainable education programs are bridging the gaps in our knowledge and transforming the students of today into the leaders of tomorrow.
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Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Ongoing Deadlock on Climate Treaty Despite Extreme Weather

Despite the death of thousands due to this summer's extreme weather, rich and poor nations cannot agree on a formula for emissions reductions.

One fifth of the country of Pakistan is under water. Roads, buildings, bridges, crops have all been washed away. With no clean water to drink, cholera, diarrhea and other sicknesses are on the rise, threatening millions of people who have lost their homes and their livelihoods.

After the floods in Pakistan that destroyed 6000 villages and killed almost 2000 the country's Environment Minister Hameed Ullah Jan Afridi said that global warming was the main cause.

In Russia 562 fires covering over 80,000 hectares (nearly 200,000 acres) created unbearable smog in Moscow. Morgues have been overflowing as the death rate in the Russian capital has doubled to more than 700 people a day prompting the country's President Dmitry Medvedev to say, ‎"what is happening now in our Central Regions is evidence of this global climate change." He also said, "All countries, including developed and developing countries, should reach an agreement [on climate issues]”.

Although individual weather occurances cannot be taken on their own as scientific corroboration of global warming, when put together as a whole the case is very convincing. It is no coincidence that most of the hottest years on record have occured in the last decade. According to an analysis by NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), some of the warmest years on record are 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2009. It should come as no surprise that January 2000 to December 2009 was the warmest decade on record.

The first half of 2010 is the warmest since records began in the 1850s. These first six months of 2010 broke records on four continents and included some of the hottest temperatures ever recorded on earth. On May 26, Pakistan logged a mercury reading of 128.3 degrees Fahrenheit (53.5 degrees Celsius) the highest ever recorded in Asia.

Recently, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) reported that water temperatures reaching as high as 93 degrees Fahrenheit in Southeast Asia's Andamann Sea have led to a large die-off of coral reefs off the coast of Indonesia.

The growing body of evidence is increasingly irrefutable. We have reason to believe that the globe is at risk yet rich and poor nations continue to disagree about how to divide greenhouse gas emissions-reductions.

Despite the veracity of global warming, efforts to make progress on an international climate change treaty are being stiffled by what can only be described as post-colonial gridlock.

If deadly floods and choking fires are not sufficient to spur movement on climate change, one wonders exactly what it will take to cause nations to act.
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Tuesday, August 17, 2010

Lowering Expectations for UN Climate Negotiations

Conflicting positions are undermining efforts to find agreement on greenhouse gas reductions. Delegates at the recent climate talks in Bonn made no progress on binding targets to reduce carbon emissions, nor were they able to agree on a deal to replace the soon to expire Kyoto Protocol.

The climate change talks began with a document called "A Shared Vision for Long-Term Cooperative Action." The problem is, there is no shared vision and insufficient cooperative action. Delegates at the Bonn conference had to contend with a wide range of competing provisions.

Some less developed nations want to see developed nations assume their share of the carbon space. They argue that industrial countries have 16 percent of the world's population, but they occupy 74 percent of the carbon space. They further argue that each country’s historical carbon emissions should be taken into account. Although this would allow poorer countries with large populations to build their economies, wealthier nations have already dismissed the idea. A global deal to limit GHGs is also being impeded by China’s resistance to compliance monitoring.

As the world's largest economy and biggest producer of emissions, the lack of legislation in the US is another major impediment to progress on a climate change treaty. Although the recession and the vote for change inspired unprecedented international cooperation last year, the collaborative international mood was short-lived and has subsequently subsided.

Politically motivated misinformation has eroded American support for comprehensive climate and energy legislation and this has also dampened efforts to find agreement on a global climate change treaty.

Although last year’s Copenhagen Accord made some progress reducing emissions, the accord was never formally adopted and as such, it is non-binding. Developing nations appear to be reversing their positions by suggesting that their Copenhagen carbon reduction commitments were voluntary, while emissions targets for industrial countries are binding.

Tianjin, China will host a final preparatory meeting in October before the summit in Cancun, Mexico at the end of the year. Although we are unlikely to see a global treaty before the 2012 climate summit in South Africa, we can still see agreements on financial assistance and technology transfer.

The Kyoto Protocol is due to expire in 2012 and international disagreements obscure the urgency of binding agreements to manage climate change. Although some delegates have begun considering the possibility of extending the Kyoto Protocol until a replacement can be developed, we also need a binding agreement that addresses the rapidly growing emissions of developing countries.

For three years the world has unsuccessfully pursued an elusive formula that could pave the way for an international climate change treaty. Last year there were high expectations, this year, already low expectations have been lowered further still.
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This article was originally published in GWIR on Wednesday 11 August 2010.

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Global Social Benefit Incubator

On August 26 Santa Clara University is host to the 2010 Global Social Benefit Incubator (GSBI) which is receiving entrepreneurs from around the world. The day will feature business plan presentations that showcase innovative adaptation of technology and models of social change.

The (GSBI) program at Santa Clara University supports sustainable social ventures. It combines classroom instruction in finance, marketing creation, organizational development and business planning. The program also includes case studies, best practices and carefully matched Silicon Valley mentors.

In 2010, the STS Center launched a three-year initiative to focus on “Renewable Energy for the Underserved.” This initiative will explore several segments of the clean energy field including off-grid power and light, energy saving devices , value chain organizations, financial services, second generation bio-fuels and distribution. This year, there are 12 social entrepreneurs that are representing the Renewable Energy Sector in the GSBI class of 2010.

Social entrepreneurship can be of great benefit to the environment, the economy and to all of humanity.

To RSVP for the event go to GSBI's registration page. For further information call the Center for Science, Technology, and Society, Santa Clara University, (408) 551-6027, or email sdale@ scu.edu.
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CEIL: Standard Compliance Knowledge Center for Green Government

Compliance with presidentially mandated green government can be a daunting challenge, thankfully there is a resource bank and online community that can help.

The Center for Environmental Innovation and Leadership (CEIL), has launched a new online community. CEIL is an independent organization connecting government and military professionals with providers of green goods and services to help them comply with Executive Order 13514 – President Obama's commitment to creating a "Green Government."

Executive Order 13514 on Federal Sustainability was signed on October 5, 2009, it required each Federal Agency to submit a 2020 greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution reduction target from its estimated 2008 baseline. President Obama has pledged to reduce the Federal government's GHG emissions by 28 percent over the next decade.

According to a press release from Whitehouse.gov, "Actions taken under this Executive Order will spur clean energy investments that create new private-sector jobs, drive long-term savings, build local market capacity, and foster innovation and entrepreneurship in clean energy industries."

To assist with the implementation of EO13514, CEILeadership.org has created a knowledge center for sustainability in the public sector, it includes news, expert advice, discussion groups, and podcasts. For more information or to join go to CEIL.

CEIL is also producing GovGreen Conference & Expo in Washington, DC on November 9-10, 2010. See GovGreen for more information and registration details.
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Monday, August 16, 2010

California's Government Partnerships are Driving the Green Economy

Partnerships between regional and state authorities are a big part of California's green leadership. According to Greenopia, California is the fifth greenest state in the US. Berkeley and Oakland are but two examples of green cities in the state of California. According to a report titled, 2010 Smarter City for Energy, Long Beach, San Francisco, Huntington Beach, Santa Clarita and Santa Cruz are also among the leading eco-municipalities.

The Bay Area is home to a range of local and regional coalitions and partnerships many of which target environmental issues. The Bay Area is an extensive region of Northern California that encompasses the metropolitan areas of San Francisco, San Jose and other cities and towns.

Municipal authorities have developed innovative programs including an energy efficiency pilot program in affordable multi-family housing in Oakland, San Francisco and Berkeley. Dozens of local governments are providing residential outreach and guidance for the Energy Upgrade Alameda Program.

California's cities benefit from the state's progressive environmental policies including a renewable portfolio standard that pressures investor-owned utilities to use renewable sources of energy. The California Climate Plan is the state’s roadmap for emissions reductions and development of the green economy. Funding including California’s State Energy Program supports energy-saving initiatives in cities throughout the state. California is also phasing out materials deemed hazardous to the environment including global warming causing auto air conditioning refrigerants.

A 2008 New York Times article reported that "Green policies have created 1.5 million jobs over 30 years in California, while eliminating only 25,000."

In California, government intiatives are working with private enterprise in ways that are of benefit to people, profits and the planet.
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Oakland's Green Jobs and Energy Initiatives

Oakland, California is seeking comprehensive solutions to environmental problems. The city's approach simultaneously addresses environmental concerns and social issues like poverty. In July, Oakland was named a 2010 Smarter City for Energy.

Oakland is developing local green businesses and training residents for the new green workforce. Local groups and educational establishments have teamed up to train and place low-income residents in jobs like solar installation, energy-efficiency retrofits and green building.

Oakland is behind some innovative energy initiatives. The city is launching an energy efficiency program in the commercial downtown area and encouraging investment. The program provides technical assistance and incentives to increase the energy efficiency of older buildings.

Oakland's green jobs and energy initiatives are a model for cities around the world.
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Berkeley's Climate Action Plan

Berkeley, California has a long history of green innovation including curbside recycling, greener vehicle fleets, and a polystyrene foam ban. In July, Berkeley was named a 2010 Smarter City for Energy.

Berkeley documented a 14 percent decrease in its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2005 from 2002 levels which is more than double the reductions called for in the Kyoto Protocol.

The reduction was the equivalent of planting 52,000 trees or removing 450 cars from the road. Measure G, a city effort for citizens to help reduce the city's GHG emissions by 80 percent by 2050, was approved by 81 percent of voters in November 2006.

Attracting green business is a central part of Berkeley's strategic thinking. Mayor Tom Bates is working with the University of California, Berkeley, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories and neighboring mayors, and he was a founding member of the East Bay Green Corridor Partnership. Mayor Bates also created Sustainable Berkeley with over 100 representatives from business, community, city and university arenas.

A photovoltaic financing program known as Berkeley FIRST, is a pilot project created by Mayor Bates that allows residents to pay for solar installations as a voluntary long-term assessment on their property tax bill.
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Sunday, August 15, 2010

Smarter Cities' Best Green American Municipalities

American cities are showing leadership by making their cities more green. A Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) project called Smarter Cities, assessed American cities by their investments in green power as well as energy efficiency and conservation measures.

Out of a total of 655 cities, the 2010 Smarter Cities report names 22 “beacons of energy innovation” in ten states. According to the report, the best cities include six Californian cities (Berkeley, Huntington Beach, Long Beach, Oakland, Santa Clarita, Santa Cruz and San Francisco), four Texan cities (Austin, Dallas, Denton and El Paso), and New York, N.Y. For a complete summary of the top 22 green cities see the High Performers Survey Data Table.

Winning cities were assessed on nine dimensions including electricity consumption, EPA green power usage, distributed generation, state legislated energy reduction, greenhouse gas inventory, energy reduction strategy, conservation incentives, energy services and tracking progress.

Columbus’ Ohio is also a leader amongst green cities, they are doing everything they can to incentivize green innovation. The city is proving that sustainable business is good business, they have minimized energy costs and improved the quality of life for residents.

The most successful cities employ conservation tactics like energy audits, weatherization programs and energy-efficiency upgrades. One of the most effective strategies with a wide ripple effect involves supporting green business.

Smarter Cities' next plan is to tackle car-less commuting including public transportation and bike paths. They expect to complete their evaluation in the fall of 2010.
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Saturday, August 14, 2010

Fuel Efficient Classic Small Cars

Long before electric hybrids there were small cars with small efficient engines. On August 11, an event called The Little Car Show got underway in Pacific Grove, ahead of the big Concours d'Elegance at nearby Pebble Beach. Unlike the aforementioned, the Little Car Show is free.

Many of these classic small cars have better fuel efficiency ratings than modern hybrid vehicles.

Among the tiniest drawing a crowd was a Tiger Messerschmitt it has a fuel consumption of 6.5 and 7.9 l/100 km. Other cars include the Austin Healey Bugeye Sprites which has a fuel consumption of 43 miles per imperial gallon (6.6 L/100 km; 36 mpg-US). There were also a couple of late '60s Citroen 2CV6 which can travel 100 km on 3 L of gasoline (78 MPG).

There were several American-made Crosley's, they get 50 miles per US gallon (4.7 L/100 km; 60 mpg). Several American Austins were also present, including a beige Bantam.

The founding of the American Austin Car Company offers lessons for the car companies of today. Over 80 years ago, Sir Herbert Austin looked at America and realized that the US needed a small economy car instead of the big fuel burning cars that were prevalent. That vision was responsible for the manufacturing of approximately 20,000 American Austins between 1930-1935. In 1935 the company was reorganized under the name American Bantam. The Bantam has an astounding fuel efficiency rating of 100 mpg which is twice the fuel efficiency of the world leading Toyota Prius Hybrid.
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World's Largest Hydrogen Fuel Cell

On August 11, Ballard Power Systems announced the deployment of the largest hydrogen fuel cell in the world. This first time deployment demonstrates the viability of clean energy on a large scale.

The fuel cell is the size of a tractor trailer and is completely transportable. It is capable of generating up to one megawatt of power which is enough to power 500 homes or the equivalent of a small town.

The Fuel cell will travel from its manufacturer Ballard Power Systems in Burnaby, B.C., to FirstEnergy Generation Corp, in Eastlake, Ohio for a five year trial run. The utility plans to run the fuel cell during periods of peak demand, to ensure uninterrupted power to customers.

This fuel cell generator is known as CLEARgen(TM) and it is based on Ballard's proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology. As a transportable technology it can replace dirty diesel generators with clean energy solutions in remote communities.It's also capable of running off by-product hydrogen from chemical plants.

Ballard provides clean energy fuel cell products enabling optimized power systems for a range of applications. Ballard fuel cells are powering zero-emission bus fleets, providing backup power solutions to cell phone companies and powering fleets of forklift trucks at major distribution centers.
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Friday, August 13, 2010

The Hazards of Hydrogen Vs. the Effects of Climate Change

Despite concerns about the net energy value (NEV)* and safety, hydrogen remains a promising fuel for the new energy economy. Because there are no naturally occuring reservoirs, hydrogen must be created from some other source of energy at a loss. However, an innovative approach from Honda employs a new technology that uses sunlight to make hydrogen.

Studies that analyze the risks of hydrogen compared to gasoline, have found that hydrogen is a higher flammability hazard. However, the flammability of gasoline did not impede the adoption of the combustion engine, and most of the time we have managed to fill our gas tanks without setting ourselves ablaze.

The value of hydrogen, particularly solar generated hydrogen power, is that it is one of the cleanest sources of energy on earth. You do not have to follow rising CO2 levels nor do you need to understand the concept of a tipping point to know that clean energy is good energy.

The daily news is full of global warming related reports from icebergs to fires and floods. Due to Greenland's melting glaciers, Canada's shipping lanes are being threatened by an iceberg bigger than Manhatten.

According to some meteorologists, the fires in Russia and the floods in Pakistan are attributable to global warming's effect on the Asian monsoon. Although the monsoon weather patterns are normal, according to Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the Boulder, Colorado-based National Center for Atmospheric Research National Geographic, "they're also being enhanced by rising sea temperatures due in part to global warming."

In Pakistan, 1200 people are officially counted as dead and 6000 villages have been leveled. Disease and starvation are sure to follow. In Russia, the official death toll is at 52 (although some are suggesting it is much higher), and the fires are threatening a nuclear power plant in a region already contaminated by the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster. Thick smoke and choking pollution from the burning bogs has blanketed Moscow for days, making it dangerous to go outdoors. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said, ‎"What's happening with the planet's climate right now needs to be a wake-up call to all of us."

According to the NOAA’s National Climactic Data Center, highs of over 100 degrees in 19 US cities have broken local records alongside 11 countries across 4 continents. January to June 2010 has been the hottest first half of the year since temperatures were first recorded in 1880. Global temperatures have averaged 1.2 degrees warmer than normal. On May 26, Pakistan logged a mercury reading of 128.3 degrees Fahrenheit (53.5 degrees Celsius) the highest ever recorded in Asia.

These are only a few examples of the effects of global warming. If we do not succeed in reducing our impact on the environment, the effects of climate change will get much worse. From oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico and China, to fires and floods. Current events make it clear that we are in desperate need of cleaner alternatives to emissions causing fossil fuels.

Do the benefits of hydrogen outweigh the risks? In a contemporary context, the answer seems obvious.

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*Net Energy Value or NEV is defined as the difference between the energy in the fuel product. (output energy) and the energy needed to produce it.

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Thursday, August 12, 2010

Honda's Hydrogen Powered FCX Clarity FCEV

Honda's FCX Clarity FCEV is a hydrogen powered electric car. The fuel cell combines hydrogen with oxygen to make electricity that powers the Honda E-Drive electric motor. Water vapour is the car's only emission.

Compared to previous generations of fuel cell vehicles the Clarity is over 397 pounds lighter and has 120% better power-to-weight ratio. The powerplant is 20 percent more fuel efficient, 45 percent more compact and 10 percent more energy efficient.

The FCX Clarity's compact and lightweight lithium-ion battery is used as a supplemental power source capturing lost energy during deceleration and braking.

This is a car that does much more than offer good performance and aerodynamic styling, it take safety very seriously. The FCX Clarity has reinforced unit-body structure, stability assist and a collision mitigation braking system.

The Clarity will come with the option of a home refueling solar array. Eight hours of home refueling will give the car enough range for the average commute, 30 miles (50 km). At a "fast-fill" public station, five-minute of refueling gives the vehicle a range of 240 miles.

The car is likely to be sold commercially around 2018 in the luxury large sedan category. This is a car that may very well offer us a glimpse into the automotive future.
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